The Department of Petroleum Resources (the DPR) recently released the General Requirements and Guidance Information for the Establishment of Modular Refineries in Nigeria (the Guidelines). The Guidelines was published to promote the establishment of third party financed greenfield and modular refineries to achieve in-country petroleum products sufficiency and stimulate export capacity. Whilst the Guidelines does not introduce novel requirements, it contains notable provisions, especially on the recognition and integration of host communities and regional stakeholders in the development of modular refineries. The Guidelines also seeks the incorporation of artisanal groups in the development of modular refineries and encourages State Governments to screen and capture the data of indigenes interested in gainful employment in the refineries.